Neural circuits refer to the complex networks or pathways that are formed by interconnected groups of neurons in the brain and nervous system. These circuits play a crucial role in processing information, controlling behavior, and regulating bodily functions. They allow for the integration of sensory input, motor output, and cognitive processes, enabling animals to respond effectively to their environment. The study of neural circuits is essential for understanding how the brain works and can provide insights into the development of neurological disorders and potential treatments.